CWE-613 Base Incomplete

Insufficient Session Expiration

Insufficient session expiration occurs when an application allows old session tokens or IDs to remain valid for too long, letting attackers reuse them to gain unauthorized access.

Definition

What is CWE-613?

Insufficient session expiration occurs when an application allows old session tokens or IDs to remain valid for too long, letting attackers reuse them to gain unauthorized access.
This vulnerability happens because sessions don't expire quickly or securely enough. Common causes include overly long timeout periods, missing logout functions that invalidate tokens on the server, or sessions that persist indefinitely after a user closes their browser. Attackers can steal these lingering session credentials through techniques like cross-site scripting or session fixation, then impersonate legitimate users long after they've left the application. To prevent this, enforce short, absolute session timeouts, implement secure logout that destroys server-side session data, and tie sessions to client attributes like IP address or user agent. Regularly rotate session IDs after login or privilege changes. While SAST tools can detect the pattern, Plexicus uses AI to analyze session management flows and suggest precise code fixes—like implementing proper invalidation logic—saving hours of manual review and reducing risk across your entire application stack.
Real-world impact

Real-world CVEs caused by CWE-613

No public CVE references are linked to this CWE in MITRE's catalog yet.

How attackers exploit it

Step-by-step attacker path

  1. 1

    Identify a code path that handles untrusted input without validation.

  2. 2

    Craft a payload that exercises the unsafe behavior — injection, traversal, overflow, or logic abuse.

  3. 3

    Deliver the payload through a normal request and observe the application's reaction.

  4. 4

    Iterate until the response leaks data, executes attacker code, or escalates privileges.

Vulnerable code example

Vulnerable Java

The following snippet was taken from a J2EE web.xml deployment descriptor in which the session-timeout parameter is explicitly defined (the default value depends on the container). In this case the value is set to -1, which means that a session will never expire.

Vulnerable Java 
<web-app>
  		[...snipped...]
  		<session-config>
  			<session-timeout>-1</session-timeout>
  		</session-config>
  </web-app>
Secure code example

Secure pseudo

Secure pseudo 
// Validate, sanitize, or use a safe API before reaching the sink.
function handleRequest(input) {
  const safe = validateAndEscape(input);
  return executeWithGuards(safe);
}
What changed: the unsafe sink is replaced (or the input is validated/escaped) so the same payload no longer triggers the weakness.
Prevention checklist

How to prevent CWE-613

  • Implementation Set sessions/credentials expiration date.
Detection signals

How to detect CWE-613

Automated Static Analysis High

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Plexicus auto-fix

Plexicus auto-detects CWE-613 and opens a fix PR in under 60 seconds.

Codex Remedium scans every commit, identifies this exact weakness, and ships a reviewer-ready pull request with the patch. No tickets. No hand-offs.

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Frequently asked questions

Frequently asked questions

What is CWE-613?

Insufficient session expiration occurs when an application allows old session tokens or IDs to remain valid for too long, letting attackers reuse them to gain unauthorized access.

How serious is CWE-613?

MITRE has not published a likelihood-of-exploit rating for this weakness. Treat it as medium-impact until your threat model proves otherwise.

What languages or platforms are affected by CWE-613?

MITRE has not specified affected platforms for this CWE — it can apply across most application stacks.

How can I prevent CWE-613?

Set sessions/credentials expiration date.

How does Plexicus detect and fix CWE-613?

Plexicus's SAST engine matches the data-flow signature for CWE-613 on every commit. When a match is found, our Codex Remedium agent opens a fix PR with the corrected code, tests, and a one-line summary for the reviewer.

Where can I learn more about CWE-613?

MITRE publishes the canonical definition at https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/613.html. You can also reference OWASP and NIST documentation for adjacent guidance.

Related weaknesses

Weaknesses related to CWE-613

CWE-672 Parent

Operation on a Resource after Expiration or Release

This vulnerability occurs when a program continues to use a resource—like memory, a file handle, or a network connection—after it has been…

CWE-298 Sibling

Improper Validation of Certificate Expiration

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CWE-324 Sibling

Use of a Key Past its Expiration Date

This vulnerability occurs when an application continues to use a cryptographic key or password after its designated expiration date. Doing…

CWE-415 Sibling

Double Free

A double free vulnerability occurs when a program mistakenly calls the 'free()' function twice on the same block of memory.

CWE-416 Sibling

Use After Free

Use After Free happens when a program continues to use a pointer to a memory location after that memory has been freed. This can lead to…

CWE-825 Sibling

Expired Pointer Dereference

This vulnerability occurs when a program tries to use a pointer that still points to a memory location that has already been freed or…

CWE-910 Sibling

Use of Expired File Descriptor

This vulnerability occurs when a program attempts to use a file descriptor after it has been closed, treating it as if it were still valid.

CWE-287 Can precede

Improper Authentication

Improper Authentication occurs when a system fails to properly verify a user's claimed identity, allowing access without sufficient proof…

Resources

Further reading

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